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ASTM D3039复合材料拉伸试验注意事项

John Moylan

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John Moylan

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John Moylan是全球航空航天领域聚合物基复合材料测试的高级专家.

ASTM D3039测试方法是聚合物基复合材料拉伸测试的一个很好的选择,因为它在广泛的im体育平台app下载可用性.

In fact, ASTM D3039 is called out by CMH17, formerly MIL-HBK-17, 用于确定设计允许值 tensile strength, modulus, and Poisson’s ratio.

此外,ASTM D3039被用作复合纤维包覆应用的质量控制工具. In these applications, 复合包覆层应用于混凝土柱的现场固化,用于抗震加固. Composite tensile testing 提供证据证明材料已按照制造商的说明进行了堆放和固化.

 

ASTM D3039 - a Standard Born out of Necessity

Decades ago, producers of composite materials faced a problem. 到了测试他们产品强度和安全性的时候, 唯一可用的测试方法是由塑料工业制定的标准. 各种航空航天公司开发了自己的专有标准来满足他们的需求.

获得代表材料的拉伸性能, and to work toward industry standardization, the ASTM D30 committee developed ASTM D3039, 聚合物基复合材料拉伸试验的一致标准. 自20世纪70年代以来,该规范已发展成为最流行的规范 composite tensile testing standard in use today. 

 

5根据ASTM D3039进行复合材料拉伸试验的注意事项

在开始使用ASTM D3039测试标准的测试程序之前, there are a few considerations to make, including the type of material, panel thickness, specimen machining and tabbing, and proper test controls.

1. Know your Material

ASTM D3039测试方法是针对连续高模量的, 增强聚合物基复合材料(也就是说, 含有增强纤维的聚合材料, like carbon or aramid). 基体材料包括环氧树脂,双马来酰亚胺(bmi),聚酰胺和热塑性塑料,如PEEK.

如果你的材料是不连续增强,ASTM D638通常是一个更适合的测试方法. Likewise, 陶瓷基复合材料一般按照ASTM C1359进行测试, and metals to ASTM E8.

2. Specimen Thickness

ASTM D3039测试样品通常由平固化板加工而成. Ideally, the panels should be between 0.040 inches and 0.200 inches depending on the layup. Any thicker, 在达到材料的真正抗拉强度之前,试样可能在夹持区域或内部发生剪切破坏. Any thinner, 而且试样会受到环境因素不必要的影响, like the surface stress along the grips.

3. Machining of Specimens

正确加工ASTM D3039试样对于获得代表材料的结果至关重要, with low scatter. 试件呈矩形,截面厚度均匀. 最好的做法是研磨每个试样的边缘,以确保平行度和良好的表面光洁度. 标准要求小于64个有效值,但Element通常得到小于20个有效值.

While machining, it is important to be within 0.5 degrees of the fiber direction. 由于纤维路径损坏,不适合将样品磨削到厚度.

4. Tabbing of Test Specimens

实现复合材料抗拉强度的准确测定, 测量区域必须具有几乎均匀的应力分布. 端片的使用有助于以均匀的方式将载荷从握把引入试样. Tabs are not always required or even desired. 仔细对准液压握把和适当的握把表面, woven composites, 90-degree tape, +/- 45度的布局可以更有效地测试,而不需要标签. 零度胶带薄片试样最好用锥形标签进行测试.

Regardless of the tab type utilized, 试验机的握把应延伸到试样卡片的末端.

5. Test Alignment and Control

试验机握把对准也是获得ASTM D3039测试准确结果的关键. Generally, hydraulically loaded grips are used. 握把的对准是调整和验证与9应变计杆, assuring the loading is pure tension, without bending.

应变可以用校准过的延伸计或应变计来测量. 模量通常在1000到6000微应变之间计算. 用双轴应变测量得到泊松比.

整个负载序列可以在环境室中加热或冷却,因此拉伸性能可以从 cryogenic temperatures up to the degradation temperature of the material. 

 

The Element Advantage for ASTM D3039 testing

为您的材料选择正确的测试方法通常与您收到的结果一样重要. Having a working knowledge of the material type, end application, 测试需求将有助于确保您选择正确的测试方法. If you are in need of polymer matrix composite testing 并正在考虑ASTM D3039测试方法, 认可的实验室可以帮助您做出明智的决定, 让您获得最有价值的见解. 你对你的材料了解得越多,它们在未来的几年里就越有用. 

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